THE HOGGATTEER REVOLUTION
  • Homeroom
  • Orientation
    • Meet the Teacher
    • Place in the World
    • Entering Education
    • Teacher File Cabinet
  • Positivity
    • Insightful Poetry
    • Inspirational Prose
    • Meaningful Quotes
    • Positive Behavior Conversations
    • Scripture Studies
  • Exploration
    • Celebrate Good Times (Come On)
    • Cerebral Cinema >
      • Hoggatt-Made Videos
      • Mood Music
      • Music Appreciation
      • Positive Behavior Conversations
    • Coursework >
      • Cultivating America
      • Focus on Science
      • Let's Communicate
      • M4+HEM4+1C5
      • Missouri, USA
      • Recess Bell
      • Scripture Studies

Crystal Bridges:  21C

7/16/2018

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The nice folks at the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art put me up in the 21c Museum Hotel in downtown Bentonville, Arkansas, for the week of our summer residency and the room is posh.
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Music Appreciation:  Kid in a Candy Store

7/15/2018

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Students are often called upon to read "chorally".
That is, they read together simultaneously as a group.


Repeating this practice assists young readers
​with reading fluency -
the speed, accuracy, and inflection of  oral reading.


Why not, since it's called "choral" reading anyway,
​actually read the chorus of a song?
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Crystal Bridges:  Descriptive Words

7/14/2018

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In this intensive and immersive session, teachers will acquire the skills and tools necessary to teach their students using works of art through an engaging and meaningful dialog.
I like many of the words used in that sentence to describe the next week of professional development at the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas.
INTENSIVE
Meaningful
Engaging
IMMERSIVE
First of all, we will not be focusing solely on the student and student lessons in these sessions.  Likewise, everything will not be about the teacher.  It sounds like there will be a blend of intensive, immersive sessions for the teacher with a goal of making dialog engaging and meaningful for students.  That is as it should be.

I work very hard to plan and execute all four of these words for my students.  It is not an easy task, and we frequently fail to reach our mark, but we make a concerted effort.  I do not want to "pad" lessons with gimmicks, leaving gaps in the schedule that have to be filled with even more "fluff".

Like everything else, there must be a balance.  I have to always remember that wise old saying, Kids will be kids.  While I want to lead them forward with rigor, I know we must plant a desire for learning first.  I know I must protect young minds while developing them.  And I understand that rigor does not mean "stumping" them.

I am sure that these four words, as well as the other words that surround them, were carefully selected in describing what we will do, this week.  At the same time, for this week, I am the student; I hope the coordinators remember all of those aspects while teaching me, as well.
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The Highlight of Summer

7/13/2018

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While I am obviously excited to take part in two out-of-state summer residencies during the next month, and while I am pleased that my wife has acquired a new, satisfying job that makes her happy, there is one event of 2018 that probably will not be overshadowed - the baptism of my daughter.  She has considered this decision for a long time before making the final choice to be immersed.  I can't express my joy enough concerning this event from one month ago.  The emotions of that day, the joyful tears that still surface when I think about that moment when we entered the water and I baptized her, are practically indescribable.

In our opinion, with the support of Scripture, this is the single, most important decision she will ever make.  Without getting into doctrinal issues on this site, please indulge me with a redacted version of my Facebook post from late that evening:

I don't care what you say: my day was better than yours! I am richer, more satisfied, and more joyous after immersing my daughter in baptism for the forgiveness of her sins...

We have accomplished one of our greatest goals of parenthood...

We didn't do this alone. My daughter has some amazing Christian friends who support her like crazy. She has some incredible Christian mentors who have waited patiently for the day she would make this monumental decision. She has a family who has prayed for her to choose obedience to the Gospel and God's plan of salvation. If you had anything to do with encouraging her along the way, I sincerely thank you.

Our task is not complete: we must continue to support this beautiful soul.
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Capture of Fort Ticonderoga

7/12/2018

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Today, we are introduced to a man named Ethan Allen.  Allen and his Green Mountain Boys are a part of history because of a sneaky attack that resulted in the conquest of Fort Ticonderoga on May 10, 1775.

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(LIBERTY) BELL WORK

How many candles would be
on Ethan's cake, ​this year?

Birthday:  January 21, 1738
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How many words can you make
from the letters in his name?

E  T  H  A  N      A  L  L  E  N


Do the Math
​Find the sum of the letters of his name,
​using the scale below.


​A = $.01, B = $.02, C = $.03, D = $.04, E = $.05,
F = $.06, G = $.7, H =  $.08, I = $.09, 
J = $.10,
K = $.11, L = $.12, M = $.13, N = $.14, O = $.15,
P = $.16, Q = $.17, R = $.18, S = $.19, T = $.20,
U = $.21, V = $.22, W = $.23, X = $.24, Y = $.25,
​Z = $.26

​Quick Write
What is your definition of success? ​
On Target
Write the target number in the "bull's eye".
In the 20 other open sections of the target,
write equations to equal the target number.

Today's number is 10.

For example, if the target number is 36, the student may write expressions like the ones here (right):
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6 squared
2 x 18
3 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8
72/2

3 x 3 x 4

Sentence Surgery
Read the sentence below.  Do you see any problems?
Do not rewrite the sentence.  In fact, don't even fix
the sentence.  Instead, on your paper,
​tell the writer three things that need to be corrected.

They had know right to take what wasnt theres.
Sentence Augmentation*
Augment the sentence below to greatly improve it.  Record your improved sentence on your paper.

​The fort was protected.

​
*Augment:  make (something)
greater ​by adding to it

Word Work
Using the parts in Ethan Allen's name,
create a list of words ​to fit in the categories below.
​Pay particular attention to spelling patterns.
Ethan
​
(words beginning with e)
Allen
​
(words with ll)
Word Wise
Define the
​following words:
havoc
rebel
sympathizer

Art Appreciation

Analyze the engraving shown below.  Check out the details.  Notice the caption, as well.
  • What do you notice?
  • What do you think is happening?
  • What caused the scene in the engraving?
  • What might happen after the scene shown?
  • What does this piece make you wonder?
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Flag

The flag of the Green Mountain Boys is still in use today as the flag to represent the Vermont National Guard.
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Fancy Words Vs. Simple Words

Ethan Allen's writing may be difficult for some of us to understand.  His vocabulary was clearly full of longer and fancier words than we use today.  Contrast the videos below and discuss which is more important - sounding smart by using fancy words or being understood without trying to sound smart.  Is there a balance?
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Artillery Marking

Let's notice the markings on the cannons in our classroom.
Artillery Marking Activity
File Size: 51 kb
File Type: docx
Download File


Controversial Methods

The Green Mountain Boys did not want the New York authorities to control their land.  Some of their tactics were controversial, even harsh.  They rebelled against New York land surveyors and anyone else who wished to take over their land.  They gained a reputation for chasing settlers with New York grants out of their houses, stealing their belongings, and making things very uncomfortable for people they considered the enemy.

In one case involving a man who was sympathetic to New York, the Green Mountain Boys tied a man to a chair and tied the chair to a tavern sign.  They left him there for hours.

​What do you think about the tactics of the Green Mountain Boys?
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Liberty's Kids, etc.

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Discussion Quote

Ethan and Benedict both wanted to be in charge.  Each wanted recognition for capturing Fort Ticonderoga.  They ended up working together, but they resented each other for not yielding.

​Here's a quote we can discuss:
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Jigsaw and Geometry

The teacher will assign you to study one section of the Fort Ticonderoga website to explore as a Jigsaw activity.  After you meet with your study group, you will return to your table team to report about the things you learned.

After that, here are three Geometry and Measurement pages to help you appreciate the shape of the fort from a flying viewpoint.
Ticonderoga Geometry and Measurement.docx
File Size: 372 kb
File Type: docx
Download File

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Preservation

Where was America's first preservation project?

What was one of the first locations for historical restoration in the United States?

Two hundred years ago, the Pell family had the vision to rescue the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga.  The video below explains more.  The video in the lower right shows the real Stephen Pell showing off his fort.
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Crystal Bridges:  Synthesis

7/11/2018

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Incorporating art in your classroom curriculum can enhance student outcomes in many areas including communication, interpretation, inference, visual literacy, and knowledge acquisition.
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That's part of the description for the summer residency program at the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art.  It has within it the goal to synthesize parts of the curricula where possible, which has always been one of my constant goals in teaching.

The description above, however, is a broad one.  In reality, we might include subject areas in it.  While Crystal Bridges appears to focus on art as a tool for storytelling, reading, writing, and discussion, we should easily see application in other subjects, as well: geometry and problem solving in math, the scientific process, and certainly history.

For the past couple of years, I have used two important questions to guide many lessons across the board.  These two questions have simplified my approach to many aspects of communicating, reflection, and discussion with students both individually and classwide.  I have even used them effectively in adult Bible lessons at the churches where I preach in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma.  The questions are What do you notice? and What do you wonder?  I suspect that these two questions can also guide discussion of particular pieces of art and will be useful in our professional development, next week.

At any rate, I am anxious to acquire new insight in the coming days and add it to my own methods, expectations, and content for years to come.


For more about the Crystal Bridges summer residency for teachers, please refer to my set of posts on the subject.
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Quote:  Initiative

7/10/2018

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It doesn't matter what you have done;
​it matters what you are doing.  (unknown)
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George Washington:  Making an Impression

7/9/2018

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The end of the French and Indian War brought retirement, once again, for George Washington.  Washington was able to return to Mount Vernon for a time before answering the call to serve in the First Continental Congress in 1774.
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According to Edward G. Lengel's General George Washington:
Washington won respect for the sober sincerity and maturity of his thought, which distinguished him from some of his fellow patriots, and he received attention at Congress without seeming to seek it.  His gravity of countenance, careful modesty, and measured speech marked him out to the delegates as a judicious man who would lead them forward with a steady hand, rather than drag them like a fury over the precipice.  "He seems discret & virtuous, no harum Starum ranting Swearing fellow but Sober, steady, & calm," wrote one Connecticut delegate.
There is so much in that section of material that it makes it hard to know where to start.  My summer residency at Washington's Mount Vernon will focus on the leadership of our first president and commander in chief, so I find that the quote from Lengel's volume to be quite worthy of rereading.  Perhaps words and phrases may be selected for pondering:
  • sober sincerity
  • maturity of his thought
  • distinguished from...his fellow patriots
  • received attention...without seeming to seek it
  • gravity of countenance
  • careful modesty
  • measured speech
  • judicious man
  • steady hand
  • [discreet]
  • no...ranting [or s]wearing
  • virtuous
  • steady
  • calm
Still too much?  To generalize, Colonel Washington, at this point, was a proper gentleman, not given to wild debauchery or drunken orgy.  That he was recognized because of these traits is quite telling.  To understand this is to understand that other people were not in the same category as George Washington.

​Apparently, by this time George had developed into a more thoughtful and patient gentleman.  Noted for his prior indiscretions in battle, a propensity to rush into things, and an impatience that frustrated him to no end, at this point it appears that George had become slower to speak and less likely to abruptly lose his cool.  I can appreciate his developing point of view, his modest appearance, his fair and steady manner, and thoughtful tendencies.

This may give all of us a personal calling to do the same.  How many times do we explode in anger or blurt out our salty opinions, knowing that they will inflict damage on others?  How often do we insert "adult" language, innuendo, or euphemisms into our conversation in order to appear more cool, more worthy of inclusion, or more edgy than the last person who sat in our chair.  If we can recognize these things as adults, perhaps there are some things here for fourth graders, too:
  • Following the crowd does not always give you the recognition or attention you might desire.
  • Put in the extra effort to be different, decent, and fair to others.
  • Don't always be the funny one in the room.
  • Be slow to anger, quick to listen, and slow to speak.
  • Dress with decency in mind.
  • Be the person who helps others shine.
  • You are still developing; don't ever expect to be perfect.
  • Give me a break; I ain't perfect either.
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Ready to Be "Crystally Bridged"

7/8/2018

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One week from today, the fourth grade team will have a valuable experience at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas.  The program is explained online:

A week-long professional development session that will introduce teachers of all subject areas to the methodology and process of teaching from works of art. Incorporating art in your classroom curriculum can enhance student outcomes in many areas including communication, interpretation, inference, visual literacy, and knowledge acquisition. In this intensive and immersive session, teachers will acquire the skills and tools necessary to teach their students using works of art through an engaging and meaningful dialog.
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Our week at Crystal Bridges is part of a generous offer by the museum to partner with the fourth grade at our school.  Teachers will be reimbursed for our travel from Joplin, provided with all meals for the duration of our visit, and given lodging.  The 21c Museum Hotel in Bentonville, a short walk from Crystal Bridges, will be home base when we are away from our training room.

The 21c may be an experience in itself.  According to their own website:

Located on the northeast corner of the Bentonville town square and a short walk to Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, 21c Museum Hotel Bentonville is a 104-room boutique hotel, contemporary art museum, cultural center and home to The Hive restaurant, led by executive chef Matthew McClure.

What can you expect to see when you visit 21c? Nothing expected, that’s for sure.

Upon arrival, you’ll be greeted by two dramatic pieces-Orange Tree, a large-scale sculpture, and Making Change, Fleetwood Cadillac limousine covered in thousands of coins. From there, explore the current exhibition; dine next to BuzzKill, an immersive installation at The Hive; or get swept up in A Sudden Gust of Wind, our site-specific installation.

The guest rooms and suites are spacious with high ceilings, large windows and a decidedly residential feel, providing a comfortable respite from the thought-provoking art and activity that fills the museum galleries. Outfitted with custom-designed furniture, comfortable beds, plush robes and Malin + Goetz bath amenities, we hope you’ll feel refreshed, restored and ready to explore.

While all of these amenities are certainly welcome to a group of people who might struggle to afford them on our government salaries, I look forward to spending a week with material that has always been foreign to me.  My own education includes almost zero percent of art.

  • Elementary - I had no art class growing up.  We colored, both inside and outside of the lines, but that's about the extent of it.
  • Middle School and Junior High - No art classes were offered; at least if they were, I chose other tracks to follow.
  • High School - Art was a newly-offered class, but not one that appealed to me.  I felt I didn't have the background for it, and I was more interested in writing, speech, and band.
  • Bachelor of Arts in Communication - The liberal arts university required core classes that combined culture, arts, and history.  Conceptually, these classes might appeal to me now, but at the time, I did not appreciate the projections and discussions about the artwork of ancient and foreign societies.
  • Bachelor of Science in Elementary Education - I was required to take one class where I "studied" art methodology.  In order to expedite my degree, I took this as a correspondence course from the University of Oklahoma.  I read about techniques, then created my own pieces using those methods.  I quickly checked all the boxes and mailed everything to a teacher I never met.

At this point in my life, I actually look forward to learning about something in which I am basically ignorant.  As a blank slate, I am ready to make mistakes and contribute another point of view during the training we will undergo at Crystal Bridges.  The physical facility itself is world-class, the collection is impressive, and I would expect the profession development for educators to be top-notch.

Beyond a doubt, I appreciate the hand extended to us for this opportunity to learn without an air of condescension. Predictably, the Crystal Bridges staff will partner with us and others in an alliance for the purpose of creating richer experiences for our students.  This is more than a visit to a pretentious art museum; it promises to allow us to bridge social and economic cultures in such a way that we find mutual purpose.  We look to find similarities where there are similarities, and respectful conversation where there are areas of difference.
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Processing

7/7/2018

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I'm beginning to think we need signs to hold up that look something like this image.

​
Perhaps with all of our talk about Growth Mindset and grit, with all that we know about mistakes being necessary for learning and growing, with all the times that we tall learners that they should persist in their efforts, keep trying, and never give up, perhaps we then forget that those things all take time.
We give a challenge or a question to a class of pupils, and then we call upon the first one to raise his hand.  We want immediate solutions.  We want the learning to be fast.  That's when we must remember that processing, takes time, and everyone's wifi signal is not as fast as ours.  Some of our students have internal high-speed, fiber-optic modems that allow them to process things rather quickly, while others are stuck with dial-up; still others are working completely off the grid.

​
So maybe students should hold up signs to indicate that they are still buffering.  It would also make a great bulletin board to reinforce to students that they are still works in progress - that none of is as good, or as fast, or as strong, or as smart as we're going to be later.  We're all still loading. 

​If I were ever to get a tattoo - and I NEVER will - I'd have to consider one of these smack in the middle of my forehead, just to let other people know that I'm still working on things.  It would be pretty cool to have it appear and disappear, based on actual brain activity as needed.  Of course, I would probably get stuck in a loop and have to be rebooted more often than my laptop if that were the case.
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Music Appreciation:  Never Give Up

7/6/2018

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Students are often called upon to read "chorally".
That is, they read together simultaneously as a group.


Repeating this practice assists young readers
​with reading fluency -
the speed, accuracy, and inflection of  oral reading.


Why not, since it's called "choral" reading anyway, actually read the chorus of a song?
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The Summer Soldier and the Sunshine Patriot

7/5/2018

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We capsulize the Revolution against Britain in nice quick history lessons, making it sound like a paper was signed, a fight was won, and wham, the United States appeared, free and happy, shiny new and right out of the package.  But if you know anything about history, you realize:History is ugly.
  • Our heroes are flawed.
  • Life doesn't come without struggle.

​Not only do we put it in a nice little package, but we also glamorize, sanitize, and romanticize our history.   We tend to focus on American patriotism in around national holidays.
  • Independence on July 4
  • Veterans in September
  • Fallen warriors in May
  • Our national flag in June

​But 18th century winters seem to be very significant to our life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness.  While it was July when the Declaration of Independence was signed, by December the War for Independence was not going well. English-born Thomas Paine wrote a pamphlet to encourage the populace.  The pamphlet was called The Crisis; the opening paragraph went like this:
“THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods; and it would be strange indeed if so celestial an article as FREEDOM should not be highly rated."
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In other words, the patriot-citizenry was growing numb to the cause.  George Washington's Continental Army was not winning, and the people were dispirited.  The troops were wintering without shoes and provisions.  It had become known as the Winter of the Red Snow.  And civilian support was waning.  Thomas Paine wrote that when the going gets tough, the tough should get going.

​He discouraged patriots from being fair weather fans - those individuals who follow their team only in victory and renounce them in defeat:  "
The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country,"

He recognized that freedom is not free:  "What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value."

Interestingly, Paine raises the comparison of the Revolution with Heaven:  
"Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods."

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We Hold These Truths...

7/4/2018

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Positive Behavior Conversation

Student Surprises Classmates
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Art Appreciation

Analyze the paintings below.  Check out their details.
  • What do you notice?
  • What do you think is happening?
  • What caused the scene in the paintings?
  • What might happen after each scene shown?
  • What do these pieces make you wonder?
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As for the painting on the left, check out this article about the descendants of the founders
​who assembled in 2017 for a photo recreating the scene.
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Liberty's Kids

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Independence Day

Let there be no mistake:  the big July holiday is not called Firecracker Day, and it's not even called July the Fourth.  As I believe that words matter, the title of this national holiday is Independence Day​.  Why?
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Created Equal?

The writers of the Declaration of Independence including some interesting verbiage up front - that "all men [all mankind] are created equal".  Though many struggled to include Africans in "all men", they knew they could not get the support of the entire Continental Congress.
Years later, in 1861, our nation fought a Civil War to gain the freedom of the slaves and the outlawing of the slave trade.  Still, it took another century for all races to gain equal rights in the United States, and we still face many issues of racism in our country, some of which have caused controversy, especially in the southern states where slavery was so prominent.
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Monumental Destruction

What a feeling it must have given to see that statue of King George come toppling down! 

​More recently, people have defaced and destroyed monuments and statues around the country, claiming they are offended by what the monuments represent.

​Get ready to discuss this topic.  We may not make any conclusions, but we want to have an honest discussion while considering all sides of the issue.
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I Declare

The Break-Up Letter

The Declaration of Independence is about the biggest break-up letter ever.  It wasn't exactly like a girl breaking up with her boyfriend, but it was 13 colonies breaking up with their mother country.

Watch the video here to see what the adoption of the Declaration might have felt like.  Then, for a little fun, see this break-up letter in music form with a special Music Appreciation​ - Too Late to Apologize.
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Celebrate!

John Adams believed Americans would celebrate the second of July with parades and fireworks.  It turns out he was right about the celebration, but wrong about the date.  Explore some celebration information on our Celebrate Good Times page devoted to Independence Day.
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Word Wise

We're going to find many words and phrases in the document that are unfamiliar to fourth graders (and even some adults today).  Be ready to write some of these down as we parse the meaning of the Declaration of Independence.
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Music Appreciation

Here are some songs to help us celebrate our freedoms while working on reading fluency:
Best Day of My Life

​​Born Free

​Building Better Worlds

​​Firework

​Flesh and Bone

​One Voice
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When in the Course of Human Events

It is fitting to read the founding document of these United States (and it's not even that long!).
​A transcript of that Declaration sits below:
IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

    He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
    He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their     operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
    He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people         
        would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to 
        tyrants only. 
    He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of 
        their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. 
    He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the 
        rights of the people.
    He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative 
        powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining 
        in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
    He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for         
        Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the 
        conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
    He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary 
        powers.
    He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of 
        their salaries.
    He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat 
        out their substance.
    He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
    He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
    He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by 
        our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:
    For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
    For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the 
        Inhabitants of these States:
    For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:
    For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: 
    For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:
    For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences
    For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary 
        government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for 
        introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:
    For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our 
        Governments:
    For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all 
        cases whatsoever.
    He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
    He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. 
    He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation 
        and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous 
        ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
     He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to 
        become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands. 
    He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our 
        frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all 
        ages, sexes and conditions.

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:
Georgia:
Button Gwinnett
Lyman Hall
George Walton
North Carolina:
William Hooper
Joseph Hewes
John Penn


South Carolina:
Edward Rutledge
Thomas Heyward, 
    Jr.
Thomas Lynch, Jr.
Arthur Middleton
Massachusetts:
John Hancock


Maryland:
Samuel Chase
William Paca
Thomas Stone
Charles Carroll of 
    Carrollton


Virginia:
George Wythe
Richard Henry Lee
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Harrison
Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Francis Lightfoot 
    Lee
Carter Braxton
Pennsylvania:
Robert Morris
Benjamin Rush
Benjamin Franklin
John Morton
George Clymer
James Smith
George Taylor
James Wilson
George Ross


Delaware:
Caesar Rodney
George Read
Thomas McKean
New York:
William Floyd
Philip Livingston
Francis Lewis
Lewis Morris


New Jersey:
Richard Stockton
John Witherspoon
Francis Hopkinson
John Hart
Abraham Clark
New Hampshire:
Josiah Bartlett
William Whipple


Massachusetts:
Samuel Adams
John Adams
Robert Treat Paine
Elbridge Gerry


Rhode Island:
Stephen Hopkins
William Ellery


Connecticut:
Roger Sherman
Samuel Huntington
William Williams
Oliver Wolcott


New Hampshire:
Matthew Thornton
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Young Influencers

Thomas Jefferson was 33 years old when he wrote those words.  While that seems young for such a formidable and important task, others among the leadership of the day were even younger.  Here is a post that lists the ages of some of the more prominent of the founders.

56 Men

And what of the consequences of signing such a public document?  Accusations of treason, sedition, inciting to riot were inflamed against these 56 men.  See more about the consequences of some of these brave man who pledged their support and their treasures to make our nation free.
0 Comments

Lou

7/3/2018

0 Comments

 
Every person who becomes a bully becomes a bully for a reason.  We would do well to help them if possible.
​Take some time to watch this short video:
Now for some questions:
  • Should we just accept that there will always be someone among us who bullies people?
  • Why did J.J. bully his classmates?  What satisfaction does he get?
  • What did J.J. need to realize in order to curb his bullying tendencies?
  • Could anyone have done something for J.J. earlier to help him stop?
  • Is Lou just a magical creature, or does he represent something or somebody in particular?
  • If the the way we treat others can change the playground, what does the way we treat others change the world?  How might that happen?

For more, check out our entire Positive Behavior Conversations collection.
0 Comments

Music Appreciation:  Live Your Story

7/2/2018

0 Comments

 
Students are often called upon to read "chorally".
That is, they read together, simultaneously,
as a group.

Repeating this practice assists young readers
with reading fluency -
the speed, accuracy, and inflection of  oral reading.

Why not, since it's called "choral" reading anyway, actually read the chorus of a song? 
​
0 Comments
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